Annual precipitation deficits of over 16 inches occurred during extreme droughts of the s, s, and in the - period. The seasonal increase in use of water by plants and evaporation evapotranspiration during the summer, together with the occurrence of a dry period, results in a rapid loss of soil moisture and contribute to the development of drought conditions.
Average annual snowfall over Maryland ranges from a minimum of eight to 10 inches along the coastal areas of the Southern Eastern Shore division to a maximum well over 80 inches in Garrett County. Actually, there is a variation in the annual average from about 35 inches to over inches in this county. Between 1 July and 30 June , Oakland reported a total snowfall of Snow flurries can be reported as early as September on the Allegheny Plateau, and in October in extreme eastern portions of the State.
The last snowfall in eastern portions usually occurs in April and on the Allegheny Plateau in May. Annual snowfall totals vary considerably from one year to another. Even in the warmest winters snow falls in Maryland; however, averages for a climatological division may be less than an inch for the season. Late season snowfalls in March and April are not too common, but when they occur, they can be quite heavy.
On March 13th, , a snowstorm dropped snowfall amounts up to 31 inches in Garrett County and 24 inches in Allegany County. Central Maryland received snowfall amounts between 12 and 16 inches from the storm.
On April 3, , a late season snowstorm produced up to inch accumulations on the Delmarva Peninsula. Ice storms or heavy wet snow occasionally take a heavy toll of power lines, shrubs and trees.
Thunderstorms are reported at a given station on an average of 30 days per year in eastern portions of Maryland and 40 days per year in western portions. They occur in all months of the year, but during the four month cold season from November through February an average of less than one storm per month is observed. An average of one thunderstorm per month occurs in March and October. May, June, July and August make up the thunderstorm season and include 75 to 80 percent of the thunderstorms that occur annually.
July is the peak of the season with about 25 percent of the annual total number of thunderstorms. As few as 10 and as many as 50 thunderstorms have been observed in a given locality during the year. At Baltimore as few as one and as many as 16 thunderstorm days have been recorded in July.
Hail at a given station occurs on an average of one day per year in eastern portions and about two days per year in western portions. The total number of days on which hail is observed at one or more stations in Maryland averages about 10 to 15 days per year. Hail has been observed in all months of the year; however, occurrences in the 7-month period from September through March are infrequent. The number of days with hail at one or more stations increases from an average of one in April to about five in July, peak of the hail season, and then decreases to an average of three in August.
Although spring thunderstorms are much fewer in number than summer thunderstorms, they have a much greater tendency to occur with hail. Most of the hailstorms occur between p. Severe, devastating hailstorms occur somewhere in the State about once every five years on the average.
Hail risks to crops in Maryland are rather low compared to other parts of the country, except in Allegany County where hail occasionally damages apple crops. All of the State lies in the Atlantic drainage except for a portion of Garrett County in the western end of Maryland which drains into the Ohio Basin. The largest river in the State, the Potomac, forms the southern boundary through most of its length. Many small streams and tidal estuaries drain the far eastern area into the Chesapeake Bay and the Atlantic Ocean.
Minor, or local flood damage, can be expected every year in streams above the tidewater areas. Floods do occur in all months of the year, but the greatest frequency is in late winter and spring. Snowmelt at times is a factor. Intense convectional storms in summer occasionally cause local flash floods. Storms of tropical origin passing through the area in late summer and fall produce high water and occasionally damaging floods, mostly in tidewater areas.
These are due to the heavy rains or strong easterly winds accompanying the storm, or a combination of both. Flooding from tides at times extends upstream in the Potomac to the District of Columbia area.
High water also results from persistent northeast winds along the coast caused by extratropical storms. Major floods in the Potomac River are relatively infrequent, occurring on an average of about once in five to 10 years.
Tornadoes occur infrequently in Maryland compared with areas such as the Great Plains. Of the ones that do occur, most are small and result in nominal losses. However, two strong tornadoes hit Central and Southern Maryland within an eight-month period in - , causing loss of life.
Maryland is quite oddly shaped; because of this two climate zones can be distinguished. The western part of Maryland has a moderate maritime climate type Cfb with cooler in winters and more snowfall. The amount of snow that may fall as well as temperatures are determined by the altitude at which a city is located.
In the mountains in the west centimeters of annual snowfall can be recorded on average. Along the coast only centimeters of annual snow falls. Summers are warm in Maryland. In July and August maximum temperatures may rise up to degrees Celsius degrees Fahrenheit. There is a risk of tropical storms and hurricanes in this state. However, most hurricanes make landfall in Virginia and North Carolina first. Because of this wind speeds as well as precipitation figures have decreased before reaching Maryland.
However, in theory a full force hurricane can hit Maryland. Members receive 10 FREE city profile downloads a month, unlimited access to our detailed cost of living calculator and analysis, unlimited access to our DataEngine, and more. Enhanced Cost of Living Calculator Now includes childcare, taxes, health, housing for home owners vs renters, insurance costs and more when you upgrade to premium.
Log In Sign Up. Climate in Maryland. Snowfall Precipitation July High Low Annual Rainfall US Avg: Annual Snowfall US Avg: 25". Precipitation Days US Avg: Sunny Days US Avg: Select Map Options.
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