A gas will change volume to fit the volume of the container. In general, solids are denser than liquids, which are denser than gases. The particles in the solid are touching with very little space between them. The particles in a liquid usually are still touching but there are some spaces between them. The gas particles have big distances between them. Solid — In a solid, the attractive forces keep the particles together tightly enough so that the particles do not move past each other.
Their vibration is related to their kinetic energy. Gases exhibit very weak attractive forces due to which the particles are spread apart at large distances.
The increased pressure brings the molecules of a gas closer together, such that the attractions between the molecules become strong relative to their KE. Consequently, they form liquids.
Butane, C 4 H 10 , is the fuel used in disposable lighters and is a gas at standard temperature and pressure. Moreover, if the temperature of a liquid becomes sufficiently low or the pressure on the liquid becomes sufficiently high, the molecules of the liquid no longer have enough KE to overcome the IMF between them and a solid forms.
To learn more about our GDPR policies click here. If you want more info regarding data storage, please contact gdpr jove. Your access has now expired. Provide feedback to your librarian. If you have any questions, please do not hesitate to reach out to our customer success team. Login processing Chapter Liquids, Solids, and Intermolecular Forces. Chapter 1: Introduction: Matter and Measurement.
Chapter 2: Atoms and Elements. Chapter 3: Molecules, Compounds, and Chemical Equations. Chapter 4: Chemical Quantities and Aqueous Reactions. Chapter 5: Gases. Chapter 6: Thermochemistry. Chapter 7: Electronic Structure of Atoms. Chapter 8: Periodic Properties of the Elements. Chapter 9: Chemical Bonding: Basic Concepts. Chapter Solutions and Colloids. Chapter Chemical Kinetics. Chapter Chemical Equilibrium. Chapter Acids and Bases. Chapter Acid-base and Solubility Equilibria. Chapter Thermodynamics.
Chapter Electrochemistry. Chapter Radioactivity and Nuclear Chemistry. Chapter Transition Metals and Coordination Complexes. Chapter Biochemistry. The particles of the gases do not have any specific shape and size. It is important to note that there is no specific volume or shape of materials in the gaseous state. The whole container volume is occupied by the gas.
Besides, gas is extremely compressible and is considered to exert finite pressure on container walls. Gases have high kinetic energy. Intermolecular forces between the gaseous particles are negligible. Gases take the shapes and volume of the container. Gaseous molecules exert pressure in all directions.
The liquid is a state of matter in which the matter has a fixed volume and no definite shape. The liquid takes up the shape of the container in which it is placed. The particles in the case of the liquid are having a stronger intermolecular force than the gas particles. The liquid always has a minimum surface area because of surface tension. Liquids flow because intermolecular forces are weak enough between molecules to allow the molecules to move relative to another.
The forces between the neighbouring molecules are intermolecular forces.
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