Holidays in Portugal. Family Holidays. Winter sun. Golfing holidays. View all collections. Apartments in France. Chalets on campsites in France. Hotels in Spain. Top Regions Brittany. Loire Valley. Pais Vasco. City Guides Caen. Inspiration D-Day guides. Travel blog. Brexit information. Disabled passengers. Thousands of inhabitants were imprisoned for a variety of offences, from singing the Marseillaise or wearing a cocarde , to spreading false rumours or providing intelligence to the enemy.
Although France had not gone to war specifically to win back Alsace-Lorraine, [10] the region nonetheless became an important symbol in French and other Allied wartime propaganda. Within days they were disbanded, as French troops marched into the region, to the cheers of local inhabitants exhausted by years of privation. This enthusiasm was understood by the French as an unofficial plebiscite in favour of the region being returned to France.
But the challenges of reintegrating Alsatians and Lorrainers into the French nation would prove far more complicated than anticipated. Vlossak, Elizabeth: Alsace-Lorraine , in: online. International Encyclopedia of the First World War, ed. DOI : Version 1. By Elizabeth Vlossak. Consensus Politics in Imperial Germany, Boston Un populisme?
Nationalizing Women in Alsace, , Oxford , pp. Selected Bibliography Fischer, Christopher J. Kramer, Alan: Wackes at war. Alsace-Lorraine and the failure of German national mobilization, , in: Horne, John ed. Vlossak, Elizabeth: Marianne or Germania? A brilliant and forward looking solution to the general malaise was given by Charles Scheer, the Reformed pastor from Mulhouse who was elected representative from to on the « national block » list.
His speech of 12 December « was so acclaimed as to be unanimously honoured, a rare phenomenon during a parliamentary career », F. Charles Scheer declared « We do not accept accusations by the newspapers of neutralism, autonomism and federalism.
One can have different opinions concerning the organisation of our country, but it is by no means a national matter. On the national level, we are all French… We need a movement of confidence…and also patience for Alsace to be and to remain French… Alsace is French.
Have faith in Alsace! The Protestant churches of the interior or homeland quickly made contact with those of Alsace-Lorraine. But once the enthusiasm of the first meetings had waned, the differences in church organisation raised problems, as the Alsace-Lorraine churches were still under the concordat regime.
The French Protestant Federation, founded in , was a place for meetings and discussions, and the Reformed Church of Alsace-Lorraine immediately joined. But the Reformed Church of Alsace-Lorraine and the Catholic church of Alsace- Lorraine progressively extended their collaboration with the churches of France through the Protestant Federation ; they remained sensitive concerning their independence but felt the need to create links and to widen their horizons.
The ecumenical movement and its various meetings were significant factors for bringing them closer. The choice of Strasbourg for the general assembly of French Protestantism in , testified to the desire to iron out problems.
In , seven out of the twenty-eight members of the Council of the French Protestant Federation represented Alsace-Lorraine, but none of them was a member of the board.
The life of this Reformed pastor from Mulhouse was marked by his political commitment as a Francophile and by his role in the ecumenical movement. The Liberation November to March — reinstated the legality of the French Republic and the particularities of Alsace were affirmed, such as the worship concordat, school statutes, and rights of associations. He was appointed Dean to the protestant University of Strasbourg, where he contributed to the revival of this institution.
The declaration of war led to the evacuation of one third of the population of Alsace : from Strasbourg and the border cities to the south-west of France, and the University of Strasbourg to Clermont-Ferrand in central France.
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